Meaning
Corporate board subcommittees are formed from disinterested directors to evaluate transactions where a conflict of interest exists among the board or management. The special independent committee negotiates transactions to protect minority shareholders and ensure arms-length terms. This committee operates with its own legal and financial advisors to avoid corporate pressure.
Conflict Isolation
Transactions involving controlling shareholders or management buyouts are highly vulnerable to lawsuits. The special independent committee isolates the conflicted directors from the evaluation and negotiation of the deal. This isolation helps ensure that the transaction can withstand judicial scrutiny and reduces the risk of successful shareholder challenges in court.
Advisory Mandate
Directors serving on the committee must have the authority to hire independent advisors, including investment banks and legal counsel. In practice, the special independent committee uses these advisors to perform a thorough review of the proposed transaction. This review provides the board with an unbiased assessment of the commercial terms.
Fairness Evaluation
Determining whether an offer is financially fair requires a thorough evaluation of the company’s valuation. The special independent committee reviews the valuation models and financial projections to negotiate the best possible price. This evaluation culminates in a fairness opinion presented to the board of directors.